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| | Title: | Cancer prevention | | Article: | Cancer prevention
Aleksandr Kavokin MD, PhD
How to prevent cancer?
Cancer cells are mutated cells.
Those mutations could be inherited from parents. There is little you can do to change your family history. However knowing your family history of cancer and performing genetic testing can help in early detection of tumors and better, more focused treatments.
Other Factors leading to cancer can actually be altered - lifestyles, environment, bad habits.
There are usually two events are prominent in the development of cancer cells - Initiation and promotion .
So, there are two factors - initiator and promoter. Let's explain simply. Let's say you have a new car. It 's shiny. You love it. It goes fast. Zoom. It smells so good, so new.
Now, go and scratch the paint until you see bare metal. This is initiation. Your nail is an initiator.
Now go drive in humid climate, near the salty ocean. Or go north, where they use salt to rid off snow. The salt and water are promoters.
Now you have a rusty car.
The same happens with normal cells - they should be first damaged, and then this damage get help of other factors. Then you get the tumor.
What are initiators and promoters? Initiators are:
*Viruses (for example EBV- virus that cause kissing disease; or HPV - usually very harmless but eventually may cause cervical cancer - recently they develop vaccine against HPV for women protection)
*Chemicals
*Ultraviolet radiation - this is why they ask you to avoid sun X-ray and Gamma radiation. Leukemia hit Japanese hard after Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
*Genes inherited from parents
Promoters are:
*Hormones
*Chemicals
*Different types of irritation and inflammation form other diseases and so on
There is a theory of multiple hits. That suggests that a cell needs at least 6-7 different hits before it goes really nuts. There are also several protective mechanism known and unknown - inside cells and outside.
So you need to break many of them as well to get cancer cells growing and spreading. Generally speaking there are still plenty unknowns in the picture of cancer development. However, knowing the risk factors and avoiding them may significantly reduce your chances for cancer. So what should you do or do not?
-Don't smoke. Smoking leads to one third of cancer deaths (this is because lung cancer is the most aggressive killer). Lighted cigarette produces more than 40 chemicals causing cancer. Pipes or cigars produce less smoke that goes into lungs, but more into mouth. So, you will have increased chances of mouth cancer.
-Diet. Everybody talks about diet. Diet this - diet that. Swinging back and forth. Current recommendations - eat fruits and vegetables. A lot. Decrease saturated fat (this mostly animal fat, processed food) Include high-fiber - whole-grain bread, cereals, vegetables, fruits.
Charred, over-fried foods increase chances for getting cancer. Fried food is often rich in carcinogens.
-Decrease alcohol drinks. Abuse of alcohol increases chances for oral and esophageal cancer
-Obesity and overweight were linked to breast, colon, and uterine cancers.
-Avoid ultraviolet-rich sunlight (from 11 am to 4 pm)
-Use sunscreens. Protect skin with clothes, eyes with sunglasses
Total luck of sun exposure was recently reported linked to higher incidence of prostate cancer. This item is still controversial
-Avoid excessive tanning, especially artificial sunlight
-Exercise.
Lack of physical activity helps in development of breast and colon cancer.
Do even small exercise - use stairs and walk. Walk a lot.
-Check if you have hazards at your working place or home. Majority of chemicals and equipment have safety data sheets. The sheets tell you what could be carcinogenic.
-Avoid exposure to known carcinogen s- x-ray, arsenic, asbestos, nickel, etc. Use protective devices and clothes.
-Have periodic check by a doctor
-Have a mammogram starting at 40, colonoscopy around 40-50, PAP smear - starting at 20.
-Perform self-exams of your skin and breast
-Monogamous relationships are a sure bet to prevent many cancer-related problems. | | Author: | Aleksandr Kavokin, MD, PhD | | System: | Treatment | | Subject: | Cancer | | Abstract: | There are usually two events are prominent in the development of cancer cells - Initiation and promotion . | | Website: | http://www.kavokin.com | | Time: | 20:48 | | Reference: | http://www.rdoctor.com | | Reference 2: | http://www.sympomat.com |
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©2006 Kavokin.com
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Articles by Aleksandr Kavokin, MD, PhD
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