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| | Title: | What are the symptoms of AIDS? | | Article: | AIDS is the advanced stage
of HIV infection. The
criteria of AIDS include
HIV infection with fewer
than
200 CD4 positive T cells
per cubic millimeter of
blood
(norm is more than 1,000),
and two dozens of
opportunistic infections,
which rarely affect normal
people. Opportunistic means
that the infection took
opportunity of the weakened
immune system.
AIDS-related infections are
often very severe
and caused by unusual
bacteria, viruses, fungi,
and
parasites.
Symptoms of AIDS include:
* Weight loss
*Energy loss
*Diarrhea
*Persistent fever
*Cough
*Shortness of breath
*Seizures
*Painful swallowing
*Confusion
*Forgetfulness
*Vision problems
*Persistent headaches
*Children have severe forms
of typically childhood
infections of eyes, ears
and throat.
AIDS patients often develop
Kaposi's sarcoma (round
brown, reddish, or purple
blots on skin) and cervical
cancer (in women).Lymphoma
is also a common condition.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated
herpes virus, human
papillomavirus and Epstein
-Barr virus are the
causative agents.
Without antiretroviral
therapy, AIDS patent die in
a
year commonly.
Antiretroviral therapy
gives more than
5 years of live.
PCP (Pneumocystis carinii
(jiroveci) pneumonia) is a
common cause of death in
AIDS. Tuberculosis (TB) in
AIDS is often multi-drug
resistant. Tuberculosis in
AIDS may affect bone
marrow, bone, kidney,
bladder,
guts, liver, lymph nodes,
brain and spine. It is also
more severe in lungs than
usual. Oesophagitis
(inflammation of esophagus)
is common.
Chronic diarrhea in HIV
infection is caused by
Salmonella, Shigella,
Listeria, Campylobacter
Escherichia coli,
parasites, which happen in
normal
people. Cryptosporidiosis,
Microsporidiosis,
Mycobacterium avium complex
and cytomegalovirus are
rarely if ever seen in
healthy people. However
they
are common in HIV. Diarrhea
also explains significant
body wasting in AIDS.
Neural system is often
affected by parasite
Toxoplasma
gondii. It infects brain,
eyes and lungs.
JC virus causes progressive
multifocal
leukoencephalopathy that
leads to destruction of
brain
cell connections. It
happens only in severely
weakened
immune deficiency.
HIV Infected brain
macrophages produce
neurotoxins
that lead to dementia and
encephalopathy.
Cryptococcus
is an opportunistic
parasite that causes
meningitis
(inflammation of brain
covering tissue). Fevers,
headache, fatigue,
vomiting, seizures and
confusion
often develop.
Citomegalovirus may cause
colitis (bowel
inflammation)
and retinitis (an eye layer
inflammation) that leads
to blindness. Penicillium
fungi also cause
opportunistic infections
especially in Asia.
| | Author: | Aleksandr Kavokin, MD, PhD | | System: | Immunity | | Subject: | AIDS | | Abstract: | AIDS-related infections are
often very severe
and caused by unusual
bacteria, viruses, fungi,
and
parasites. | | Website: | www.kavokin.com | | Time: | 17:37 | | Reference: | www.rdoctor.com | | Reference 2: | |
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Articles by Aleksandr Kavokin, MD, PhD
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