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| | Title: | What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration? | | Article: | What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?
The destruction of macula has the name of macular
degeneration.
Age-related macular degeneration leads as the cause of
blindness in older individuals in the United States,
Western Europe, and other developed regions of the
world. Macula is the small central spot of retina
inside your eye on the bottom. The retina is the layer
that contains light-sensitive cells. Macula is an oval
yellow spot. The size of macula is about 1.5 mm – as
grain. The macula contains high concentration of
photoreceptor cells converting light into nerve
signals. The macula catches the most of the light and
is responsible for sharp central vision and for color
vision. In the center of the macula you will see the
fovea. The fovea is the site of sharpest vision. Fovea
contains most of the cones (photoreceptors for high
acuity). Loss of peripheral vision is not so noticed,
but damage of the macula results in loss of sharpest
central vision, which is very obvious.
There are two types of macular degeneration: early
non-exudative macular degeneration (dry) and late
exudative macular degeneration (wet).
The wet form causes the majority of vision loss.
Almost 2 millions Americans have wet macular
degeneration. In Europe and Australia around 3.5
million people suffer the disease.
Choroidal neovascularization is the main feature of
wet macular degeneration. Chorea is the vascular layer
of eye bottom. It makes the layer of blood vessels
behind the retina. Choroidal neovascularization
divides into subfoveal or extrafoveal, depending on
location. Fovea is the small pit in the center of
macula. It contains the largest concentration of cone
cells in the eye and is responsible for central
vision. The new vessels invade into chorea and leak,
causing bleeding and inflammation behind retina. The
outcome is scarring and vision loss.
| | Author: | Aleksandr Kavokin, MD, PhD | | System: | Eyes | | Subject: | Macular Degeneration | | Abstract: | There are two types of macular degeneration: early
non-exudative macular degeneration (dry) and late
exudative macular degeneration (wet). | | Website: | www.kavokin.com | | Time: | 16:01 | | Reference: | www.rdoctor.com | | Reference 2: | |
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Articles by Aleksandr Kavokin, MD, PhD
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